Reading Review #1 vocabulary

Political Culture- distinctive and patterned way of thinking about how political and economic life ought to be carried out.
Political Ideology- Consistent set of beliefs about what policies the government ought to pursue.
Equality of Opportunity- Giving people an equal chance to succeed.
Equality of Results- Making certain people get the same result.
Civic Duty- Belief that one has an obligation to participate in civic and political affairs.
Progressive Culture- Belief that personal freedom and solving social problems are more important than religion.
Orthodox Culture- Belief that morality and religion ought to be of decisive importance.
Political Efficacy- Belief that you can take part in politics.
Middle America- Average middle class americans.
Silent Majority- Unspecified large majority of people in a country or group who do not express their views publicly.
SES- Measures a person's work experience and family economics compared to that of others.
Christian Coalition- Offers people of faith the vehicle to have an impact on issues they care about.
Gender Gap- Difference in political views between men and women.
Liberal- Favorable to change and reform. Opposite of conservative.
Conservative- Person who is averse to change and holds to traditional views.
Libertarian- Upholds individual liberty, especially of speech and actions.
Populist- Member of a political party that represents the interest of ordinary people.
Political Elite- Person with disproportionate share of political power.
New Class- Describes the ruling class of beauracrats and communist party functionaries which usuallt arise in a stalin communist state.
New Deal Coalition- Alignment of interest groups and voting blocs that supported the new deal.
Random Sample- When every person has an equal chance.
Sampling Error- Difference in results when a random sample is taken at the same time.
Weighting- An adjustment made in order to take account of special circumstances.
Quota Sample- Created by gathering a number of people from categories.
Focus Groups- Diverse group of people gathered to provide inscentive.
Instant Response Polling- Polling designed to get instant results.
Push Poll- Organization attempts to influence people under the guise of doing a poll.
Bandwagon Effect- People doing something because others do it.
Refusal Rate- Proportion of people who refuse to give up the sought information.
Exit Polls- Polls based on interviews conducted on election day with randomly selected voters.
Tracking Poll- Conducted each day to assess trends caused by advertising, polling, etc
Skewed Question- A question that creates incorrect results.
Context Effect- People behave differently in different situations.
Question Framing- How you as a surveyor decide to ask for data.
Saliency- Degree to which an issue is important to an individual of group.
Help America Vote Act 2002- Helped make the voting system simpler.
Moter Voter Law- Enables prospective voters to register when they get a license.
15th amendment- Prohibits denial to vote based on race, sex, or ethnicity.
Literacy Test- Requirement of citizens to show they can read before registering to vote.
Poll Tax- Requirement that citizens pay a tax before registering to vote.
Grandfather Clause- If your grandfather could vote you can vote.
White Primary- Practice of keeping blacks from voting in southern states.
Voting Rights Act 1965- Outlawed voting discrimination.
19t amendment- Cant be denied to vote based on sex.
Voting Rights Act 1970- No prerequisites for voting.
26th amendment- Set voting age to 18.
23rd amendment- Citizens of the District of Columbia can vote.
Disfranchisement- The revocation of the right to vote by someone.
Australian Ballot- Government introduced ballot to reduce fraud in voting.
Activist- People who participate in all forms of politics.
Demographics- Characteristics of the human population.